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food its preparation storage and use in

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space travel has changed along with

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advances in spaceflight technology today

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astronauts prepare and eat food much the

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same way we do here on earth the biggest

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difference is that their food is

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packaged so it can be eaten at zero

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gravity shuttle astronaut Joe Allen

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wrote about life aboard the shuttle the

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astronauts who now enter space where

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sport shirts and slacks during their

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days in orbit they eat shrimp cocktail

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and barbecued beef and sleep in private

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bunks the Spartan era of space travel

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has ended the Spartan era Allen refers

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to began with the manned flights of the

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Mercury program the first food for

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American space travel was carried aboard

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John Glenn's historic five-hour flight

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in 1962 food for the mercury flights had

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to be easy to prepare and eat by the

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astronaut dressed in a restrictive

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pressure suit and strapped inside the

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capsule food was packaged in tubes

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freeze-dried pouches and bite sized

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cubes and was not very appetizing the

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Gemini missions beginning in 1965

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brought an improved food concept food

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tubes were replaced by simple

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lightweight plastic containers

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astronauts could choose from an expanded

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menu chunks of food were coated with

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gelatin to reduce crumbling in zero

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gravity and rehydrate able food was

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placed in containers which were easier

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to inject with water the three men crews

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of the Apollo era enjoyed greater menu

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selections and for the first time made

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use of hot water astronauts could now

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enjoy hot food and drinks foil pouches

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for meats and sauces and spoon Bowl

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packages for rehydrate abels were also

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introduced in 1973 Skylab became our

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major space effort the orbiting

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laboratory housed three astronauts for

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up to three months the food system was

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luxurious even by today's standards the

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separate dining area boasted a table

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complete with food

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warming trays for all three astronauts

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to enjoy dining together the dietitian

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for technology incorporated in Houston

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Texas Connie stadler planet Skylab flew

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the whole entire food system within can

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and we had frozen food at that time

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because there was a lot of storage space

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on Skylab they were going to be up there

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for such a long period of time that they

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thought the food system was very

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important and so during that time they

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had three frozen foods allotted to them

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every two day period and they could have

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ice cream or steak or roast beef we had

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at that time now there's no

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refrigeration and no freezer so we're

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back to the rehydrate about food system

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but the packages are different in 1975

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international efforts in space resulted

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in the apollo-soyuz mission the American

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and Russian ships docked in Earth orbit

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cosmonauts and astronauts shared space

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foods including borscht served in a tube

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at present astronauts on the space

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shuttle use a new flexible food system

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complete with galley the gaui an upright

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modular unit located on the mid-deck

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serves as a food processing facility it

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houses a low temperature oven a hot and

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cold water dispenser a pantry and a

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personal hygiene station a crew of two

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to seven people can be served for up to

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one month over 70 food items and 20

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beverages are featured in the six-day

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rotational space shuttle menu drinks and

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freeze-dried meals selections are

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packaged in polyethylene dishes and can

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be hydrated with pre-selected amounts of

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hot or cold water canned foods foods and

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flexible pouches and fresh fruits and

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vegetables are also available

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all food has to pass strict shelf-life

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standards as well as show minimum

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microbial counts much of the food used

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aboard the shuttle is bought

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commercially and then repackaged and

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serialized at technology incorporated

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Houston Texas on occasion food is

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processed in house like this patch of

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color flower which will be freeze-dried

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this processing is done only if

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commercial product quality is below

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standard or not available fresh foods

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are packed within 24 hours of liftoff

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food for space as missions become longer

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the challenge of the next decade will be

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to provide a food system which will